triqs.operators.util.observables.LS_op

triqs.operators.util.observables.LS_op(spin_names, orb_names, off_diag=None, map_operator_structure=None, basis='spherical', T=None)[source]

Create a spin-orbital coupling operator.

\[\mathbf{\hat L\cdot\hat S} = \hat L_x \hat S_x + \hat L_y \hat S_y + \hat L_z \hat S_z.\]
Parameters:
  • spin_names (list of strings) – Names of the spins, e.g. [‘up’,’down’].
  • orb_names (list of strings or int) – Names of the orbitals, e.g. [0,1,2] or [‘t2g’,’eg’].
  • off_diag (boolean) – Do we have (orbital) off-diagonal elements? If yes, the operators and blocks are denoted by (‘spin’, ‘orbital’), otherwise by (‘spin_orbital’,0).
  • map_operator_structure (dict) – Mapping of names of GF blocks names from one convention to another, e.g. {(‘up’, 0): (‘up_0’, 0), (‘down’, 0): (‘down_0’,0)}. If provided, the operators and blocks are denoted by the mapping of ('spin', 'orbital').
  • basis (string, optional) –

    The basis in which the interaction matrix should be computed. Takes the values

    • ’spherical’: spherical harmonics,
    • ’cubic’: cubic harmonics (valid only for the integer orbital momenta, i.e. for odd sizes of orb_names),
    • ’other’: other basis type as given by the transformation matrix T.
  • T (real/complex numpy array, optional) – Transformation matrix for basis change. Must be provided if basis=’other’.
Returns:

LS – The spin-orbital coupling operator.
Return type:

Operator